A major component in drilling operation success is drilling fluid performance. The cost of searching for hydrocarbon reserves becomes more expensive when drilling occurs offshore, in deep water, and in hostile environments. These drilling environments require fluids that excel in performance. Measuring fluid performance requires the evaluation of all key drilling parameters and their associated cost. Simply stated, the effectiveness of a fluid is judged by its influence on overall well cost. This chapter discusses the various fundamentals of drilling fluids and their performance in assuring a safe and expeditious drilling operation at minimum overall cost.
Drilling Fluid System
According to the requirements of scientific drilling, drilling fluid system should have performances of low viscosity, low gel, low solid content, low filter loss, and with good lubrication property.
Requirements of Scientific Drilling for Drilling Fluid
Besides satisfying the basic requirements of scientific drilling construction, drilling fluid should satisfy the requirements of scientific test, well logging and borehole log, etc. Detailed requirements can be found as follows:
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MUD RHEOLOGY TEST
Mud rheology refers to the mud of deformation and flow behavior of all forms of matter. Certain rheologic measurements made on fluids, such as viscosity, gel strength, etc. help determine how this fluid will flow under a variety of different conditions. This information is important in the design of circulating systems required to accomplish certain desired objectives in drilling operations.
Mud Viscosity:
1.Theory
Viscosity is defined as the resistance of a fluid to flow and is measured as the ratio of the shearing stress to the rate of shearing strain.